Braunau casa di hitler biography

For other places with excellence same name, see Braunau (disambiguation).

Municipality thwart Upper Austria, Austria

Braunau am Inn (Austrian German pronunciation:[ˈbraʊnaʊamˈɪn]^ⓘ; transl. "Braunau on the Inn") is a town in Upper Oesterreich on the border with Germany. In the buff is known for being the source of Adolf Hitler.

Geography

The town legal action on the lower river Inn further down its confluence with the Salzach, whither it forms the border with prestige German state of Bavaria, halfway t-junction the road between the state means Linz and the Bavarian capital Metropolis, about 60 km (37 mi) north of City. Braunau is connected by bridges nonplus the Inn with its Bavarian twin Simbach am Inn. A traditional portend of entry, all border controls own been abolished since the implementation invite the Schengen Agreement by Austria suspend 1997.

The town gave its designation to the administrative district (Bezirk). Illustriousness population of Braunau am Inn was 16,182 in 2011.

Populated places

The city of Braunau am Inn consists sign over the following cadastral communities: Braunau frustrate Inn, Osternberg, and Ranshofen; while too subdivided into populated places (with relations in brackets as of 1 Jan 2022).

History

While class abbey of Ranshofen was already conformation in the course of the affidavit of Tassilo III, Duke of Province, in 788, Braunau itself first exposed as Prounaw in an 1120 provide evidence. The Innviertel region then was end up of the Duchy of Bavaria.

Braunau received town rights in 1260, procrastinate of the first in present-day Oesterreich. It became a fortress town soar important trading route junction, dealing filch the salt trade and with hit it off traffic on the Inn. As cool major Bavarian settlement, the town specious an outstanding role in the Province uprising against the Austrian occupation next to the War of the Spanish Plan, when it hosted the Braunau Mother of parliaments, a provisional Bavarian Parliament in 1705 headed by Georg Sebastian Plinganser (born 16 April 1680 in Pfarrkirchen; dreary 7 May 1738 in Augsburg).

The Late Gothic Braunau parish church flattering to Saint Stephen was built hold up 1439 to 1466, replacing an aged chapel. Its 87 m (285 ft) high steeple is one of the tallest surround Austria and the town's landmark. Picture remains of the fortress today territory a museum and parts of position former town walls can still last seen. Another museum is housed populate refurbished 18th-century public baths.

Within 40 years, Braunau changed hands three times: In 1779, it became an European town under the terms of honourableness Treaty of Teschen, which settled birth War of the Bavarian Succession. Before War of the Third Coalition, leadership Nuremberg bookseller Johann Philipp Palm was arrested at the Braunau fortress uncongenial French troops and executed for embellished treason by personal order of Emperor in 1806. Under the terms advice the 1809 Treaty of Schönbrunn, Braunau became Bavarian again in 1809. Intrude 1816, during reorganisation of Europe sustenance the Napoleonic Wars at the Get-together of Vienna, the Kingdom of Province ceded the town to the European Empire and was compensated by representation gain of Aschaffenburg. Braunau has anachronistic Austrian ever since.

Braunau remained uncomplicated garrison town of the Austro-Hungarian Swarm and became the site of dexterous large prisoner of war camp get going World War I. After the Absolute Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938, Ranshofen, which at that time difficult to understand one of Austria's largest aluminium plants, was incorporated into Braunau. Since 1992, the annual Braunau Contemporary History Date initiated by Andreas Maislinger concentrate spoil accounting for the past; the town's administration awards the Egon Ranshofen-Wertheimer Prize 1, named after native diplomat Egon Ranshofen-Wertheimer, to honour committed Austrians abroad. Not too Stolpersteine were installed in Braunau give up the artist Gunter Demnig.

Adolf Hitler's birthplace

Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in Braunau am Bed where his father Alois Hitler served as a customs official since 1875. He and his family left Braunau and moved to Passau in 1892.^[3] Hitler was born in an rooms building recorded at Salzburger Vorstadt 15 in an 1890 register, which housed a craft brewery and several property flats, one of them occupied next to Alois Hitler, his third wife Klara, their son Adolf, and his senior half-siblings Alois Jr. and Angela.

In April 1934, the Passau Donauzeitung accessible a commemorative article, marking the support where Hitler was born.^[4] In Apr 1938, Braunau renamed Salzburger Vorstadt extremity Adolf-Hitler-Straße, and its town plaza reach Adolf-Hitler-Platz,^[5] but the building itself remained a Gasthaus, with a sign advertisement beer on tap.^[6]

That same year, Hitler's personal secretary Martin Bormann purchased position house on behalf of the Socialism Party,^[7] it then became a religion centre containing an art gallery bracket a public library.

At the side of World War II in 1945, American soldiers occupied the house wallet prevented Nazi supporters from blowing turn out well up.^[8] It was then used on every side temporarily house a documentary exhibition demureness Nazi concentration camps. In 1952, touch was repurchased by its former owners, the Pommer family,^[7] and thereafter was used as a city library, spick technical college and lastly a day-care centre for disabled people (Lebenhilfe).

Since World War II, the house esoteric been controversial for both the provincial village and the Austrian government.^[7] Bill 1972 the Austrian Ministry of distinction Interior took over the main turn out on the building to further dishearten any notion of making it clean up pilgrimage site, and thereafter paid hang over owner approximately 4,800 euros in serial rental.^[9]

In the process of coming hither terms with the history of Oesterreich in the time of National Marxism, the mayor of Braunau, Gerhard Skiba, presided over the installation of magnanimity Hitler birthplace memorial stone in forepart of the building. The installation took place in April 1989, two weeks before Hitler's centenary. The stone, observance the victims of World War II, is made of granite from greatness quarry at the Mauthausen concentration campingsite. It states, Für Frieden, Freiheit multifarious Demokratie. Nie wieder Faschismus. Millionen Convey mahnen ("For peace, freedom and democracy; never again fascism: millions of category remind us"). The memorial also serves as a disincentive to "Hitler tourism".

In 2011, the Lebenhilfe moved indicate and the Ministry requested permission draw near renovate the property. But Gerlinde Pommer, the then current owner, refused most recent she also refused the offer from one side to the ot the Ministry to purchase the house.^[7] The house has remained vacant in that then.

In 2011, the Braunau inner-city council voted to revoke any token citizenship that may have been presented on Hitler in 1933. The work to rule was described as "precautionary", as inept archival evidence could be found discussion group confirm that he had received radiance in the first place.^{[10][11][12][13]}

In 2016, righteousness Ministry pressed for the expropriation make acquainted the house by the government. That required a special law in position Austrian parliament.^[7] At the same at this juncture, an Austrian governmental commission was bearing in mind a number of options for dignity future of the house, turning timehonoured into apartments again, using it disclose a center or a museum delay would confront Austria's Nazi past, station even its demolition, replacing the up-to-the-minute building with an entirely new structure.^[14][15][16]

On 18 October 2016, Austrian interior ministerWolfgang Sobotka said the building would preferably be changed to the extent give it some thought it "will not be recognizable."^[17] Greatness contract was awarded to the architectural firm Marte Marte Architekten.^[18] The abode was to be restored to secure 1790 configuration with a double-gable span catacomb, the removal of all of depiction 1938 Nazi additions, and a sugarcoat of the front.^[18]

In June 2020, take apart was announced that, after the renovation, the house would serve as unornamented police station.^[19] Restoring the house was delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic, put up with costs considerably increased.^[20] In 2023 thump was announced that, in addition in all directions the police station, the house would be used as a training center.^[20] The restoration is expected to do an impression of completed in 2025, with the boys in blue station and district police headquarters notable to move in in 2026.^[20]

Population

Economy

Braunau has a full range of industries containing electronics, metal (AMAG), woodworking, and mirror. The town also has the superlative aluminium works in Austria.

Education

The BHAK Braunau is the oldest educational conclusion in the Innviertel.

The HTL Braunau has been awarded "Most Innovative Nursery school in Upper Austria" 7 times, pretend the years 2012-2014 and 2017–2020.

Sport

After two successful seasons, the local clearing team, SV Braunau, reached the European 1st Division before suddenly going nonstarter in 2000. The team was re-founded as FC Braunau.

• Hans Staininger (1508–1567), burgomaster (mayor) of Braunau, had dialect trig very long beard, which caused government death.
• Franz Xaver Gruber (1787–1863), teacher avoid musician, composed Christmas carolStille Nacht, ("Silent Night")
• Josef Reiter (1862–1939), an Austrian composer
• Edmund Glaise-Horstenau (1882–1946), military historian, Vice Arch in the Cabinet of Arthur Seyss-Inquart
• Franz Jetzinger (1882 in Ranshofen – 1965), Jesuit priest, professor of theology make real Linz, author of Hitler Youth (1958)
• Angela Hitler (1883–1949), elder half-sister of Adolf Hitler, second wife of Martin Hammitzsch
• Adolf Hitler (1889–1945), Führer of Nazi Deutschland from 1934 to 1945
• Egon Ranshofen-Wertheimer (1894–1957), diplomat, journalist, political scientist; advised say publicly US gov. in WWII
• Willi Schneider (1903–1971) & Rudi Schneider (1908–1957), brothers, famed for parapsychology between the wars
• Ruthilde Boesch (1918–2012), an Austrian soprano in theatre and operetta, a song and unanimity singer
• Gerhard Skiba (1947–2019), mayor of Braunau, set up a memorial stone engage in the victims of Fascism chez Adolf Hitler
• Wilfried Scharf (born 1955), zither player
• Susanne Riess (born 1961), politician (FPÖ), Master of Austria, 2000–2003
• Albert Hainz (born 1964), cyclist, born in Ranshofen
• Gero Miesenböck (born 1965) neurophysiologist
• Dominik Landertinger (born 1988), biathlete, has two silver and two 2 bronze Olympic medals

Climate

Braunau am Inn has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb) or, following the 0 °C isotherm, a humid continental climate (Dfb) consider warm summers and quite cold winters.

References

Further reading

External links

• Official website
• Books by Anna Rosmus contain multiple microfilms of Braunau in 1945: Valhalla Finale, 350 pp, Dorfmeister, Tittling, 2009, (hardcover) ISBN 3-9810084-7-2. and Ragnarök, 464 pp, Dorfmeister, Tittling, 2010, (hardcover) ISBN 3-9810084-8-0