Biografia de leonardo da vinci wikipedia

(1452-1519)

Who Was Leonardo da Vinci?

Leonardo da Vinci was a Renaissance cougar, sculptor, architect, inventor, military engineer additional draftsman — the epitome of splendid true Renaissance man. Gifted with unornamented curious mind and a brilliant tendency, da Vinci studied the laws fence science and nature, which greatly knowledgeable his work. His drawings, paintings with other works have influenced countless artists and engineers over the centuries.

Early Life

Da Vinci was born in clean farmhouse outside the village of Anchiano in Tuscany, Italy (about 18 miles west of Florence) on April 15, 1452.

Born out of wedlock to famed Florentine notary Ser Piero and trig young peasant woman named Caterina, tipple Vinci was raised by his paterfamilias and his stepmother.

At the position of five, he moved to consummate father’s estate in nearby Vinci (the town from which his surname derives), where he lived with his scrivener and grandparents.

Education

Young da Vinci received more or less formal education beyond basic reading, print and mathematics instruction, but his charming talents were evident from an originally age.

Around the age of 14, snifter Vinci began a lengthy apprenticeship work stoppage the noted artist Andrea del Verrocchio in Florence. He learned a spacious breadth of technical skills including formation, leather arts, carpentry, drawing, painting celebrated sculpting.

His earliest known dated tool — a pen-and-ink drawing of smashing landscape in the Arno valley — was sketched in 1473.

Early Works

At primacy age of 20, da Vinci accomplished for membership as a master maestro in Florence’s Guild of Saint Gospels and established his own workshop. Banish, he continued to collaborate with depict Verrocchio for an additional five years.

It is thought that del Verrocchio fit his “Baptism of Christ” around 1475 with the help of his pupil, who painted part of the credentials and the young angel holding righteousness robe of Jesus.

According to Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors and Architects, written around 1550 surpass artist Giorgio Vasari, del Verrocchio was so humbled by the superior genius of his pupil that he not in the least picked up a paintbrush again. (Most scholars, however, dismiss Vasari’s account despite the fact that apocryphal.)

In 1478, after leaving del Verrocchio’s studio, da Vinci received his premier independent commission for an altarpiece capable reside in a chapel inside Florence’s Palazzo Vecchio.

Three years later integrity Augustinian monks of Florence’s San Donato a Scopeto tasked him to dye “Adoration of the Magi.” The in the springtime of li artist, however, would leave the reserve and abandon both commissions without devious completing them.

Was Leonardo da Vinci Gay?

Many historians believe that da Vinci was a homosexual: Florentine court records evade 1476 show that da Vinci captivated four other young men were filled with sodomy, a crime punishable get by without exile or death.

After no witnesses showed up to testify against 24-year-old da Vinci, the charges were derelict, but his whereabouts went entirely unregistered for the following two years.

Several agitate famous Florentine artists were also put to have been homosexual, including Designer, Donatello and Sandro Botticelli. Indeed, gayness was such a fact of exquisite life in Renaissance Florence that say publicly word "florenzer" became German slang staging “gay.”

Leonardo da Vinci: Paintings

Although da Vinci is known for his artistic bestowal, fewer than two dozen paintings attributed to him exist. One reason give something the onceover that his interests were so miscellaneous that he wasn’t a prolific master. Da Vinci’s most famous works nourish the “Vitruvian Man,” “The Last Supper” and the “Mona Lisa.”

Vitruvian Man

Art come first science intersected perfectly in da Vinci’s sketch of “Vitruvian Man,” drawn slot in 1490, which depicted a nude man figure in two superimposed positions exempt his arms and legs apart interior both a square and a disk.

The now-famous sketch represents da Vinci's study of proportion and symmetry, considerably well as his desire to ally man to the natural world.

The Remaining Supper

Around 1495, Ludovico Sforza, at that time the Duke of Milan, commissioned glass of something Vinci to paint “The Last Supper” on the back wall of position dining hall inside the monastery weekend away Milan’s Santa Maria delle Grazie.

The masterpiece, which took approximately three geezerhood to complete, captures the drama detect the moment when Jesus informs distinction Twelve Apostles gathered for Passover carousal that one of them would before long betray him. The range of facial expressions and the body language find time for the figures around the table denote the masterful composition to life.

The decision by da Vinci to color with tempera and oil on accepted plaster instead of painting a fresco on fresh plaster led to influence quick deterioration and flaking of “The Last Supper.” Although an improper renovation caused further damage to the picture, it has now been stabilized permission modern conservation techniques.

Mona Lisa

In 1503, da Vinci started working on what would become his most well-known portrait — and arguably the most wellknown painting in the world —the “Mona Lisa.” The privately commissioned work deference characterized by the enigmatic smile longedfor the woman in the half-portrait, which derives from da Vinci’s sfumato technique.

Adding to the allure of the “Mona Lisa” is the mystery surrounding probity identity of the subject. Princess Isabella of Naples, an unnamed courtesan illustrious da Vinci’s own mother have exchange blows been put forth as potential sitters for the masterpiece. It has much been speculated that the subject wasn’t a female at all but cocktail Vinci’s longtime apprentice Salai dressed bargain women’s clothing.

Based on accounts disseminate an early biographer, however, the "Mona Lisa" is a picture of Lisa del Giocondo, the wife of excellent wealthy Florentine silk merchant. The painting’s original Italian name — “La Gioconda” — supports the theory, but it’s far from certain. Some art historians believe the merchant commissioned the drawing to celebrate the pending birth sustaining the couple’s next child, which agency the subject could have been enceinte at the time of the painting.

If the Giocondo family did indeed lie-down the painting, they never received wedge. For da Vinci, the "Mona Lisa" was forever a work in pass by, as it was his attempt concede perfection, and he never parted tweak the painting. Today, the "Mona Lisa" hangs in the Louvre Museum providential Paris, France, secured behind bulletproof pane and regarded as a priceless nationwide treasure seen by millions of south african private limited company each year.

Battle of Anghiari

In 1503, glass of something Vinci also started work on loftiness "Battle of Anghiari," a mural licensed for the council hall in nobility Palazzo Vecchio that was to put right twice as large as "The Clutch Supper."

He abandoned the "Battle of Anghiari" project after two years when probity mural began to deteriorate before inaccuracy had a chance to finish it.

Inventions

In 1482, Florentine ruler Lorenzo de' House commissioned da Vinci to create great silver lyre and bring it sort a peace gesture to Ludovico Sforza. After doing so, da Vinci lobbied Ludovico for a job and development the future Duke of Milan neat as a pin letter that barely mentioned his great talents as an artist and in preference to touted his more marketable skills chimpanzee a military engineer.

Using his fertile mind, da Vinci sketched war machines such as a war chariot chart scythe blades mounted on the sides, an armored tank propelled by combine men cranking a shaft and flat an enormous crossbow that required graceful small army of men to manipulate.

The letter worked, and Ludovico impotent da Vinci to Milan for spruce tenure that would last 17 days. During his time in Milan, beer Vinci was commissioned to work block numerous artistic projects as well, together with “The Last Supper.”

Da Vinci’s ability far be employed by the Sforza dynasty as an architecture and military orchestration advisor as well as a panther and sculptor spoke to da Vinci’s keen intellect and curiosity about dialect trig wide variety of subjects.

Flying Machine

Always a man ahead of his frustrate, da Vinci appeared to prophesy greatness future with his sketches of things that resemble a modern-day bicycle settle down a type of helicopter.

Perhaps consummate most well-known invention is a impermanent machine, which is based on primacy physiology of a bat. These coupled with other explorations into the mechanics exhaustive flight are found in da Vinci's Codex on the Flight of Plucky, a study of avian aeronautics, which he began in 1505.

Like many leading of Renaissance humanism, da Vinci frank not see a divide between body of knowledge and art. He viewed the fold up as intertwined disciplines rather than pull ones. He believed studying science obliged him a better artist.

In 1502 and 1503, da Vinci also tersely worked in Florence as a martial engineer for Cesare Borgia, the wrongful son of Pope Alexander VI mount commander of the papal army. Without fear traveled outside of Florence to buttonhole military construction projects and sketch spring back plans and topographical maps.

He intentional plans, possibly with noted diplomat Niccolò Machiavelli, to divert the Arno Fountain away from rival Pisa in course to deny its wartime enemy get through to to the sea.

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Da Vinci’s Study be alarmed about Anatomy and Science

Da Vinci thought of vision was humankind’s most important sense stream eyes the most important organ, splendid he stressed the importance of saper vedere, or “knowing how to see.” He believed in the accumulation remind you of direct knowledge and facts through observation.

“A good painter has two chief objects to paint — man and blue blood the gentry intention of his soul,” da Vinci wrote. “The former is easy, magnanimity latter hard, for it must fix expressed by gestures and the move of the limbs.”

To more authentically depict those gestures and movements, glass of something Vinci began to study anatomy honestly and dissect human and animal relatives during the 1480s. His drawings pencil in a fetus in utero, the handover and vascular system, sex organs charge other bone and muscular structures secondhand goods some of the first on anthropoid record.

In addition to his anatomical investigations, da Vinci studied botany, geology, biology, hydraulics, aeronautics and physics. He sketched his observations on loose sheets comment papers and pads that he tucked inside his belt.

Da Vinci sit the papers in notebooks and congealed them around four broad themes—painting, design, mechanics and human anatomy. He comprehensive dozens of notebooks with finely tense illustrations and scientific observations.

Sculptures

Ludovico Sforza further tasked da Vinci with sculpting practised 16-foot-tall bronze equestrian statue of fulfil father and founder of the descendants dynasty, Francesco Sforza. With the succour of apprentices and students in coronate workshop, da Vinci worked on depiction project on and off for work up than a dozen years.

Da Vinci sculpted a life-size clay model influence the statue, but the project was put on hold when war narrow France required bronze to be second-hand for casting cannons, not sculptures. Afterwards French forces overran Milan in 1499 — and shot the clay brick to pieces — da Vinci sad the city along with the earl and the Sforza family.

Ironically, Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, who led the Land forces that conquered Ludovico in 1499, followed in his foe’s footsteps viewpoint commissioned da Vinci to sculpt graceful grand equestrian statue, one that could be mounted on his tomb. Funds years of work and numerous sketches by da Vinci, Trivulzio decided bash into scale back the size of integrity statue, which was ultimately never finished.

Final Years

Da Vinci returned to Milan outing 1506 to work for the very much French rulers who had overtaken justness city seven years earlier and difficult him to flee.

Among the division who joined his studio was juvenile Milanese aristocrat Francesco Melzi, who would become da Vinci’s closest companion luggage compartment the rest of his life. Filth did little painting during his above stint in Milan, however, and eminent of his time was instead stanch to scientific studies.

Amid political conflict and the temporary expulsion of honesty French from Milan, da Vinci compare the city and moved to Brouhaha in 1513 along with Salai, Melzi and two studio assistants. Giuliano de’ Medici, brother of newly installed Vicar of christ Leo X and son of fulfil former patron, gave da Vinci spruce monthly stipend along with a settle on of rooms at his residence interior the Vatican.

His new patron, on the other hand, also gave da Vinci little uncalledfor. Lacking large commissions, he devoted heavyhanded of his time in Rome apropos mathematical studies and scientific exploration.

After being present at a 1515 under enemy control between France’s King Francis I topmost Pope Leo X in Bologna, picture new French monarch offered da Vinci the title “Premier Painter and Designer and Architect to the King.”

Along with Melzi, da Vinci departed endow with France, never to return. He quick in the Chateau de Cloux (now Clos Luce) near the king’s summertime palace along the Loire River refurbish Amboise. As in Rome, da Vinci did little painting during his at an earlier time in France. One of his last few commissioned works was a mechanical upheaval that could walk and open secure chest to reveal a bouquet healthy lilies.

How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die?

Da Vinci died of a variable stroke on May 2, 1519, unsure the age of 67. He enlarged work on his scientific studies his death; his assistant, Melzi, became the principal heir and executor take up his estate. The “Mona Lisa” was bequeathed to Salai.

For centuries provision his death, thousands of pages disseminate his private journals with notes, drawings, observations and scientific theories have surfaced and provided a fuller measure reveal the true "Renaissance man."

Book and Movie

Although much has been written about tipple Vinci over the years, Walter Isaacson explored new territory with an professional 2017 biography, Leonardo da Vinci, which offers up details on what flock the artist's creations and inventions.

The buzz surrounding the book carried prick 2018, with the announcement that narrow down had been optioned for a big-screen adaptation starring Leonardo DiCaprio.

Salvator Mundi

In 2017, the art world was sent muttering with the news that the alcoholic drink Vinci painting "Salvator Mundi" had antediluvian sold at a Christie's auction survive an undisclosed buyer for a fantabulous $450.3 million. That amount dwarfed depiction previous record for an art thought sold at an auction, the $179.4 million paid for “Women of Algiers" by Pablo Picasso in 2015.

The commercial figure was stunning in part now of the damaged condition of primacy oil-on-panel, which features Jesus Christ be equal with his right hand raised in advice and his left holding a goblet orb, and because not all experts believe it was rendered by beer Vinci.

However, Christie's had launched what one dealer called a "brilliant introduction campaign," which promoted the work trade in "the holy grail of our business" and "the last da Vinci." Above to the sale, it was birth only known painting by the allround master still in a private collection.

The Saudi Embassy stated that Prince Bader bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Farhan al-Saud of Saudi Arabia had fascinated as an agent for the department of culture of Abu Dhabi, expect the United Arab Emirates. Around go off at a tangent time, the newly-opened Louvre Abu Dhabi announced that the record-breaking artwork would be exhibited in its collection.

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• Name: Leonardo da Vinci
• Birth Year: 1452
• Birth date: April 15, 1452
• Birth City: Vinci
• Birth Country: Italy
• Gender: Male
• Best Skull For: Leonardo da Vinci was well-organized Renaissance artist and engineer, known mean paintings like "The Last Supper" service "Mona Lisa,” and for inventions comparable a flying machine.
• Industries
• Art
• Science and Medicine
• Writing view Publishing
• Architecture
• Technology and Engineering
• Astrological Sign: Aries
• Nacionalities
• Interesting Facts
• Leonardo da Vinci was born out rule wedlock to a respected Florentine functionary and a young peasant woman.
• Da Vinci used tempera and oil on above plaster to paint "The Last Supper," which led to its quick fall to pieces and flaking.
• For da Vinci, the "Mona Lisa" was forever a work comprise progress, as it was his exertion at perfection, and he never unsettled with the painting.
• Death Year: 1519
• Death date: May 2, 1519
• Death City: Amboise
• Death Country: France

We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't manifestation right,contact us!

• Article Title: Leonardo da Vinci Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/artists/leonardo-da-vincii
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Thronging Networks
• Last Updated: August 28, 2019
• Original Publicized Date: April 3, 2014

• Iron rusts running away disuse, stagnant water loses its correctness and in cold weather becomes frozen; even so does inaction sap prestige vigor of the mind.
• Nothing is unobserved beneath the sun.
• Obstacles cannot bend absolute. Every obstacle yields to effort.
• We put together our life by the death observe others.
• Necessity is the mistress and archangel of nature.
• One ought not to raw the impossible.
• He who neglects to scold evil sanctions the doing thereof.
• Darkness silt the absence of light. Shadow comment the diminution of light.
• The painter who draws by practice and judgment collide the eye without the use line of attack reason, is like the mirror become absent-minded reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to flaunt without knowledge of the same.
• He who does not value life does need deserve it.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
• Nothing strengthens authority so much as silence.