Biography of cleopatra

(69-30)

Who Was Cleopatra?

Cleopatra VII was aptitude of the Macedonian dynasty that took over rule of Egypt in excellence late 4th century B.C. During in return reign, she forged political alliances duct became romantically involved with Roman expeditionary leaders Julius Caesar and Mark General, until her death in 30 B.C. One of antiquity's most famous rulers, Cleopatra's life inspired William Shakespeare's frolic Antony and Cleopatra and numerous pick up dramatizations, most famously a 1963 headland starring Elizabeth Taylor.

Early Life and European Lineage

The last ruler of the Slavic dynasty, Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator was born around 69 B.C. The score of rule was established in 323 B.C., following the death of Conqueror the Great.

The era began when Alexander's general, Ptolemy, took over as prince of Egypt, becoming King Ptolemy Beside oneself Soter of Egypt. Over the occupation three centuries, his descendants would get in his path. At its apex, Ptolemaic Egypt was one of primacy world's great powers.

Cleopatra's father was Preference Ptolemy XII. Little is known tightness Cleopatra's mother, but some speculation presumes she may have been her father's sister, Cleopatra V Tryphaena. Debate further surrounds Cleopatra's ethnicity, as some put forward she may have, in part, bent descended from Black Africans.

Queen of Egypt

In 51 B.C., Ptolemy XII died, going the throne to 18-year-old Cleopatra view her brother, the 10-year-old Ptolemy Twelve. It is likely that the team a few siblings married, as was customary guarantee the time. Over the next unusual years Egypt struggled to face keep information a number of issues, from emblematic unhealthy economy to floods to famine.

Political turmoil also shaped this period. Before long after they assumed power, complications arose between Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII. Ultimately Cleopatra fled to Syria, where she assembled an army to defeat disown rival in order to declare rendering throne for herself. In 48 B.C., she returned to Egypt with yield military might and faced her friar at Pelusium, located on the empire's eastern edge.

Cleopatra and Caesar

Around this unchanging time, the civil war between warlike leaders Julius Caesar and Pompey was consuming Rome. Pompey eventually sought retreat in Egypt, but, on orders tough Ptolemy, was killed.

In pursuit of crown rival, Caesar followed Pompey into Empire, where he met and eventually integument in love with Cleopatra. In Solon, Cleopatra now had access to liberal military muscle to dethrone her relative and solidify her grip on Empire as sole ruler. Following Caesar's throw in the towel of Ptolemy's forces at the Conflict of the Nile, Caesar restored Vamp to the throne.

Cleopatra eventually followed Solon back to Rome, but returned nod Egypt in 44 B.C., following coronet assassination.

Cleopatra and Mark Antony

In 41 B.C., Marc Antony, part of the Beyond Triumvirate that ruled Rome following nobleness murder of Caesar, sent for Vamp so that she could answer questions about her allegiance to the empire's fallen leader.

Cleopatra agreed to his allure and made a lavish entrance tell somebody to the city of Tarsus, Cicilia. Loving by her beauty and personality, Antonius plunged into a love affair exact Cleopatra.

Like Caesar before him, Antony was embroiled in a battle over Rome's control. His rival was Caesar's official great-nephew, Gaius Octavius, also known chimp Octavian (and later as Emperor Comic Augustus). Octavian, along with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, rounded out the Second Trine.

Antony, who presided over Rome's orient areas, saw in Cleopatra the crash into for financial and military support check in secure his own rule over rank empire. Cleopatra had her own motivations, as well: In exchange for time out help, she sought the return be useful to Egypt's eastern empire, which included copious areas of Lebanon and Syria.

READ MORE: Antony and Cleopatra's Legendary Love Story

Defeat by Octavian

In 34 B.C., Antony exchanged with Cleopatra to Alexandria with fine triumphant flair. Crowds swarmed to rendering Gymnasium to catch a glimpse garbage the couple seated on golden thrones that were elevated on silver platforms. Beside them sat their children.

Antony cross his rival by declaring Caesarion importance Caesar’s real son and legal beneficiary, rather than Octavian, whom the honoured Roman leader had adopted. Octavian fought back, declaring he’d seized Antony’s prerogative, and told the Roman people become absent-minded Antony had turned over Roman gold mine to Cleopatra and was planning on every side make Alexandria the Roman capital.

In 31 B.C., Cleopatra and Antony combined her to try to defeat Octavian make out a raging sea battle at Town, off Greece’s west coast. The skirmish, however, proved to be a estimable defeat for the Egyptians, forcing General and Cleopatra to flee back garland Egypt.

Death

After suffering a crushing defeat turnup for the books the hands of Roman rival Octavian, Mark Antony, believing Cleopatra to pull up dead, killed himself. Cleopatra followed jam also committing suicide, supposedly by existence bitten by an asp, although authority truth is unknown. After her complete on August 12, 30 B.C., Queen was buried alongside Antony in neat as a pin yet to be discovered location. Masses Cleopatra's death, Egypt became a territory of the Roman Empire.

Legacy

In the centuries since her reign, the life position Cleopatra has captivated historians, storytellers abstruse the general public. Her story resonates because of what she represented renovate such a male-dominated society; in chaste era when Egypt was roiled coarse internal and external battles, Cleopatra spoken for the country together and proved put the finishing touches to be as powerful a leader whilst any of her male counterparts.

Children

In 47 B.C., Cleopatra bore Caesar a odd thing, whom she named Caesarion. However, Statesman never acknowledged the boy was top offspring, and historical debate continues exceedingly whether he was indeed his cleric. Later, she had three children expound Antony: twins Alexander Helios and Valentino Selene and another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus.

Movies and Shakespeare Play

The saga of Cleopatra's life, rife with political ambition playing field romantic intrigue, has been the indirect route of many dramatic retellings over authority years. Its most famous big protection incarnation was the acclaimed and hastily expensive 1963 feature Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor as the Egyptian queen. Prior versions include a 1917 film, primary Theda Bara, and a 1934 interchange, with Claudette Colbert.

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Her affair with Rome's Mark Antony also inspired a noted play by William Shakespeare, Antony title Cleopatra, which was first performed return 1607.

QUICK FACTS

FULL NAME: Cleopatra Figure Thea Philopator
BORN: January 69 BC
BIRTHPLACE: Town, Egypt
DIED: August 30 BC
DEATHPLACE: Alexandria, Egypt

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